Diagnostic dilemma in hyperechoic breast masses

Hyperechoic breast lesions are relatively uncommon, constituting only 0.6–6% of all breast masses and 0.6% of all biopsied lesions. The majority of these lesions are benign. There are rare malignancies that can present as hyperechoic masses and careful ultrasonographic assessment must be employed to avoid misdiagnosis.[1] We discuss the case of a 67-year-old female patient with a strong family history of breast and ovarian cancer, who presented with one such rare breast cancer in a hyperechoic mass.

An open-label, exploratory documentation of proving-symptoms of CVN01 (Coronavirus nosode from the clinical sample) in healthy volunteers

Homeopathic Pathogenetic Trials (Proving) are human studies to examine the pathogenetic effects of investigational drugs in high dilution on healthy volunteers. As a part of the new coronavirus nosode development process for prophylactic use, the phase 1 study was conducted. The documentation of proving symptoms for a fast-track nosode development for a pandemic condition was the objectives of this study. An open-label trial to evaluate the safety and proving symptoms of Coronavirus nosode given orally to 10 volunteers (18-65 years age and of both the genders). Volunteers were administered 6 doses of nosode as 6 pills twice daily for 3 consecutive days. Pre and post examinations (physical), vital signs, and laboratory investigations, were done at day 0, 17, 34. Symptoms experienced by the volunteers were recorded. RESULTS Symptoms reported by volunteers were analyzed. The symptoms reported were mild to severe but reversible and matching with the symptoms produced by the viral infection. There were no serious/fatal adverse events during the study. The basic biochemistry and Liver Function tests were not affected by the Nosode. New nosode developed during a pandemic condition produced certain symptoms in the homeopathic pathogenetic trial as a part of the Phase 1 study.

Evaluación de los efectos anticáncer de preparaciones de alta dilución de modelos in vitro / Evaluation of the anticancer effects of high dilution preparations from in vitro models

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad. Algunos experimentos recientes con preparaciones altamente diluidas han mostrado efectos anticáncer en modelos in vitro e in vivo. Este principio fundamental de la Homeopatía sugiere que las sustancias capaces de ocasionar ciertas enfermedades podrían tener la capacidad de alterar el mismo mal si se utiliza dicha sustancia de forma ultra diluida y potenciada. Esta hipótesis llevó a examinar a ciertos carcinógenos por su potencial eficacia anticáncer. La prueba de sulfurodamina B resulta útil para determinar la citotoxicidad en estudios basados en células para evaluar agentes anticancerosos. En el protocolo estuvieron involucradas la preparación de diluciones homeopáticas, incubación de células con diluciones homeopáticas, unión de SRB y la medición de absorbancia. Las células fueron tratadas con potencias 30C de: nosode de VIH, nosode de hepatitis C, Carcinosinum, nosode de cáncer y etanol, así como un control positivo (adriamicina). Las preparaciones fueron evaluadas en cultivos de células: HeLa, HepG2, A549, MCF, 7 T 24, Jurkat, SCC 40 y también HL-60. La actividad anticáncer de las preparaciones homeopáticas se han medido mediante porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento, y todas mostraron actividad anticáncer en celulas HeLa, HepG2, A 549, T 24 y HL-60. El Carcinosinum mostró actividad anticáncer en las células SCC 40, mientras que el nosode de Hepatitis C, el Carcinosinum y el nosode de cáncer fueron efectivos contra los cultivos de células de cáncer de mama MCF-7. Sin embargo, ninguna de las preparaciones mostró actividad alguna contra los cultivos de célula de leucemia. A manera de conclusión, preparaciones altamente diluidas y potencializadas han demostrado efectos anticáncer y citotóxicos en cultivos celulares, lo cual sustenta el razonamiento del principio homeopático fundamental de la Ley de los Semejantes, y trazando el camino para ampliar su aplicación en los servicios de salud.(AU)

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality. The recent experiments with highdiluted preparations have shown anticancer effects in in vitro and vivo models. The fundamental principle of homeopathy suggests that the substances capable of producing certain diseases may have a capacity to alter the same disease if used in the ultra-dilute-potentized form. This hypothesis led certain carcinogens for examining their potential anti-cancer efficacy. Sulforhodamine B assay is useful in determining the cytotoxicity in cell-based studies in evaluating anticancer agents. The protocol involved preparation of homeopathy dilutions, incubation of cells with homeopathy dilutions, SRB binding, and measurement of absorbance. Cells were treated with 30 potencies of HIV nosode, Hepatitis C nosode, Carcinosin, Cancer nosode, and Ethanol along with positive control (Adriamycin). The preparations were tested in HeLa, HepG2, A549, MCF 7, T 24, Jurkat, SCC 40, and HL-60 cell-lines. The homeopathic preparations have shown the anticancer activity measured as percentage growth inhibition. All the homeopathy preparations studied, exhibited anticancer activity on HeLa, HepG2, A 549, T 24, and HL-60 cells. Carcinosin showed the anticancer activity on the SCC 40 cells. Hepatitis C nosode, Carcinosin, and Cancer nosode have shown the anticancer activity on breast cancer cell line MCF-7. None of the preparations exhibited anticancer activity on Human Leukemia Cell Line. High-dilution, potentized preparations of certain carcinogens have demonstrated anti-cancer, cytotoxic effects in the cell-line model, supporting the rationale of the fundamental homeopathic principle the Law of Similars, opening windows to its wider applications in healthcare. (AU)

Preparation of Coronavirus nosodes sourced from a clinical sample of SARS-Cov-2 positive patient, inactivated strain, and spike glycoprotein

IntroductionNosodes, the homeopathicpreparationssourcedfrom biological materials including clinical samples, cultures of organisms, and diseased tissues have been in use against the source-specific infections as well as other diseases. The nosodes have demonstrated some efficacy in managing epidemics, such as influenza, dengue, and leptospirosis.This article presents the need and process of development ofnosodes from the SARS-CoV-2 to explore its prophylactic and therapeutic potentials against certain related viral diseases.Materials and methodsA clinical sample of SARS-Cov-2 positive patient,based on the cycle threshold (CT) value of the qRT-PCR, heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2, and spike glycoprotein all were processed for making nosodesas per the method described in Homoeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India.Molecular tests, such as qRT-PCR and sterility tests were performed to establish the live organisms, RNA material, and the absence of contamination.ResultsThree variants of CoronavirusNosodewere developed using a clinical sample,heat-inactivatedSARS-CoV-2, and spike glycoprotein.In potencies 3c and above, no detectableSARS-CoV-2 RNA material was found by PCR.The analytical results for nosodes were reported as compliant for sterility testing as per the IP.ConclusionThree variants of Coronavirus nosodes were preparedwhich need to be evaluated further through pre-clinical and clinical studies.(AU)

Evaluating the anticancer effects of high-dilution preparations of carcinogens such as HIV virus, Hepatitis C virus, Ethanol and Cancer tissues in in-vitro models

Background Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality. The recent experiments with high-diluted preparations have shown anticancer effects in in-vitro and vivo models. The fundamental principle of homeopathy suggests that the substances capable of producing certain diseases may have a capacity to alter the same disease if used in the ultra-dilute-potentized form. This hypothesis led certain carcinogens for examining their potential anti-cancer efficacy. Method Sulforhodamine B assay is useful in determining the cytotoxicity in cell-based studies in evaluating anticancer agents. The protocol involved preparation of homeopathy dilutions, incubation of cells with homeopathy dilutions, SRB binding, and measurement of absorbance. Cells were treated with 30 potencies of HIV nosode, Hepatitis C nosode, Carcinosin, Cancer nosode, and Ethanol along with positive control (Adriamycin). The preparations were tested in HeLa, HepG2, A549, MCF 7, T 24, Jurkat, SCC 40, and HL-60 cell-lines. Results The homeopathic preparations have shown the anticancer activity measured as percentage growth inhibition. All the homeopathy preparations studied, exhibited anticancer activity on HeLa, HepG2, A 549, T 24, and HL-60 cells. Carcinosin showed the anticancer activity on the SCC 40 cells. Hepatitis C nosode, Carcinosin, and Cancer nosode have shown the anticancer activity on breast cancer cell line MCF-7. None of the preparations exhibited anticancer activity on Human Leukemia Cell Line. Conclusion High-dilution, potentized preparations of certain carcinogens have demonstrated anti-cancer, cytotoxic effects in the cell-line model, supporting the rationale of the fundamental homeopathic principle the Law of Similars, opening windows to its wider applications in healthcare. (AU)

Preparation of Cancer Nosodes from specific cancer tissues

Nosodes are ultra-dilute preparations made from diseased tissues or organisms used in homeopathy since 1830, more frequently used since 1880. Carcinosin is a commonly used nosode prepared over 100 years ago from cancer tissues in the last part of the nineteenth century, of which the exact scientific information on the histopathological characterization of the source material is not available. The current therapeutic indications of Carcinosin have been largely empirical and clinically derived. In such a scenario, understanding the paramount importance of the Cancer nosode, it's revamping in the light of current scientific knowledge has been identified by the author. Specific cancerous tissue samples were sourced for nosode preparation. Identified pieces of tissue were histopathologically diagnosed, thoroughly washed, quantified and triturated with powder of Saccharum lactis to prepare decimal potencies, as per standard method suggested in the Homoeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India. Centesimal potencies were prepared using electromechanical potentizer, documenting the force parameters. The Cancer nosodes from specific cancer tissues were prepared in a systematic manner, which could be used for research as well as in clinical practice. The author has attempted scientific preparation of new Cancer nosodes making them available to the profession. On similar lines, more of cancer tissues could be explored for making other nosodes. (AU)

The Preparation and standardization of Human papillomavirus (HPV) (Genotype 6) Nosode

Introduction The Homeopathic nosodes are the preparations sourced from organisms or diseased materials such as warty growths or cancerous tissues. The nosodes such as Psorinum (1826-30), Tuberculinum (1879), Medorrhinum (1880-85), Syphillinum (1880) and others have been in use in homeopathic practice since the early 19th century. In the recent years, certain new nosodes such as HIV nosode, Hepatitis C nosode, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis nosode, Plasmodia Falciparum Nosode, Swine Flu and more have been systematically introduced. Materials and methods The scrapping and the tissues from the genital warts clusters were collected carefully and were tested for the evaluation of STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) panel and HPV-DNA-PCR for screening high risk type followed by genotype determination. The collected tissue sample was processed as per the procedure defined developing the Nosodes, in the Homeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India. Sterility testing and PCR tests were carried out for safety purposes. Result Human papillomavirus (HPV Genotype 6) Nosode sourced from the genital wart tissues; detected positive for Human papillomavirus genotype 6 was prepared and standardized for future research and clinical exploration. Discussion and conclusion The HPV (Genotype 6) nosode contained the whole organisms in pure form. The therapeutic potential of HPV (Genotype 6) Nosode may be explored against viral warts affecting the genitals, anus, mouth, and respiratory tract as well as other relevant clinical conditions.

Desafios colocados ao tratamento homeopático pelo uso anterior de medicação imunossupressora: observações da prática clínica / Challenges to homeopathic treatment by previous use of immunosuppressive medicines: observations from clinical practice

Este artigo discute a experiência clínica do autor diante dos desafios que o homeopata deve enfrentar nos casos em que os pacientes têm antecedentes de uso recente ou passado de medicação imunossupressora.

This article discusses the author´s clinical experience with the challenges posed by patients with a recent or past history of use of immunosuppressive agents.

Key-hole open appendicectomy.

Five hundred appendicectomies were done through a small transverse incision designed by the author and it has advantages of both minimal invasive surgery and open surgery along with cost effectiveness. Histopathological picture showed that the maximum number of cases (50%) was of catarrhal type. Retrograde appendicectomy was done in 20% cases. Extension of incision was needed in 4% cases and only 4% had wound infection. All the patients are well after 5 years of follow-up. This method with the incision can be employed by any surgeon and does not require any specialised set-up; it is also very economical.